Russian-developed Faster Payments System piloted on Moscow Metro
https://www.railwaygazette.com/metros/russian-developed-faster-payments-system-piloted-on-moscow-metro/61958.article
If payment system of metro service is based on QR code, it will be slower to pass through gates than IC cards. So, I think that this system is not appropriate for congested railways. Especially for railways where passengers are queuing in front of ticket gates in some stations.
